Internal Refrigeration Cycle: The CO2 laser chiller's refrigeration system works by circulating coolant through an evaporator, where it absorbs heat from the returning water, evaporating into steam. The compressor then extracts the steam, compresses it, and sends the high-temperature, high-pressure steam to the condenser. In the condenser, heat is dissipated by a fan, causing the steam to condense into a high-pressure liquid. After passing through an expansion valve, the liquid refrigerant enters the evaporator, where it evaporates again, absorbing more heat. This process repeats, and users can monitor or adjust the water temperature using the temperature controller.

Source: https://www.teyuchiller.com/why-your-co2-laser-system-needs-a-professional-chiller